Heron Werner, MD & Pedro Daltro, MD
ClÃnica de Diagnóstico por Imagem (CDPI) & Instituto Fernandes Figueira (IFF) – FIOCRUZ
Rio de Janeiro – Brazil
Dorothy I. Bulas M.D.
Professor of Radiology and Pediatrics
Children"s National Medical Center
George Washington University Medical Center
111 Michigan Ave, NW,  Washington D.C. 20010
The microcephaly is a important reduction of the cephalic circumference, either below the percentile 5 or two standard deviations below average. The likelihood of microcephaly is of one out of 10,000 births. It is usually detected after 24 weeks of gestation. The more gestation advances the easier it is to diagnose the pathology. The principal causes of microcephaly are given on table 1.
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Table 1: Causes if microcephaly
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- autosomal recessive / dominant
- infections (cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, rubella)Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
- radiation
- drugs
- alcohol
- hypoxia
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